Ectopic seminal tract opening in enlarged prostatic utricle: A report of 22 cases / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the diagnosis, classification and treatment of ectopic seminal tract opening in enlarged prostatic utricle (EPU).@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 22 cases of ectopic seminal tract opening in EPU confirmed by spermography, EPU open cannula angiography or intraoperative puncture of the vas deferens and treated by transurethral incision of EPU, cold-knife incision or electric incision of EPU, full drainage of the anteriorwal, and open or laparoscopic surgery from October 1985 to October 2017.@*RESULTS@#Five of the patients were diagnosed with ectopic opening of the vas deferens and the other 17 with ectopic opening of the ejaculatory duct in EPU. During the 3－48 months of postoperative follow-up, symptoms disappeared in all the cases, semen quality was improved in those with infertility, and 2 of the infertile patients achieved pregnancy via ICSI.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ectopic seminal tract opening in EPU is rare clinically. Spermography is a reliable method for the diagnosis of the disease, and its treatment should be aimed at restoring the smooth flow of semen based on proper classification and typing of the disease.

The volume of residual urine correlates with bladder outlet obstruction and detrusor contractility in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the correlation of the volume of residual urine (VRU) with the severity of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and detrusor contractility in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 152 patients with clinically diagnosed BPH underwent ultrasonography for measurement of the prostate volume and RVU, free uroflowmetry, and urodynamic examination for the severity of BOO and detrusor contractility. Using the software SPSS20. 0, we analyzed the correlation between the ultrasonographic results and urodynamic parameters and compared the two sample means by the t-test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prostate volume was correlated positively with BOO severity (r = 0.432, P < 0.01) and detrusor contractility (r = 0.343 , P < 0.01) while Qmax negatively with BOO severity (r = 0.327, P < 0.01) but not significantly with detrusor contractility (r = 0.123, P > 0.05). VRU showed a significantly negative correlation with detrusor contractility when > 150 ml (r = -0.490, P < 0.01), even more significantly when > 300 ml (r = -0.717, P < 0.01), but exhibited no significant correlation with it when ≤ 150 ml (r = 0.041, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VRU can somehow predict the detrusor function. For patients with VRU > 150 ml, especially for those with VRU > 300 ml, the detrusor function should be evaluated and urodynamic examination is recommended for exact assessment of BOO severity and detrusor contractility.</p>

Safety and efficacy of anisodamine on prevention of contrast induced nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Previous studies have proved the renal protective effects of anisodamine in patients with septic shock. The aim of this study was to investigate anisodamine for the prevention of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Consecutive ACS patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: patients in the anisodamine group (ANI group) were assigned to receive intravenous infusions of anisodamine by an adjusted-dose (0.1 - 0.2 µg × kg(-1)× min(-1)) from the PCI procedure to 24 hours after PCI, and the control group (CON group) received 0.9% isotonic saline of the same volume. All patients were hydrated for 6 to 12 hours before and 12 hours after PCI. Blood samples were taken on the day of PCI and at 24, 48 and 72 hours after PCI to measure the serum creatinine (SCr).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 177 patients were involved in the study, 88 in the ANI group and 89 in the CON group. In both groups, the SCr concentrations significantly increased after PCI, with the peak value occurring at 48 hours. At 72 hours, the SCr concentration in the ANI group retuned to the baseline level (P > 0.05), but the SCr concentration in CON group was still higher than baseline level (P < 0.01). The SCr concentrations at 48 and 72 hours after PCI were much lower in the ANI group than those in the CON group (both P < 0.01). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) significantly decreased after PCI, the lowest value occurred at 48 hours. In the ANI group, the eGFR at 72 hours was similar to the baseline level. In the CON group, the eGFR failed to return to baseline at 72 hours (P < 0.01). The eGFR at 24, 48 and 72 hours after PCI were higher in the ANI group (all P < 0.05). The incidence of CIN in the ANI group was lower than that in the CON group within 72 hours after PCI (P < 0.05). The results of multiple Logistic regression proved that both diabetes and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were independent predictors of CIN, and treatment with anisodamine was an independent preventive factor of CIN (OR 0.369 and 95%CI 0.171 to 0.794, P = 0.011). No serious side effects were found in the ANI group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intravenous infusion of anisodamine during and after elective PCI may safely prevent the occurrence of CIN in ACS patients.</p>

Prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy in diabetics undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention: role of the ratio of contrast medium volume to estimated glomerular filtration rate / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have a higher incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) than nondiabetic patients, and no pharmacological approach has been demonstrated to offer consistent protection. Therefore, identifying individuals who are at increased risk becomes essential. This study was designed to assess the predictive role of the ratio of contrast medium volume to estimated glomerular filtration rate (CMV/eGFR) in diabetic patients undergoing elective PCI who developed CIN.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively investigated clinical factors associated with the development of CIN in 114 diabetic patients who had undergone elective PCI. The risk factors for CIN included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), hemoglobin (Hb), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), volume of contrast medium, basic levels of serum creatinine (Scr), the number of treated vessels and the number of stents used. We conducted a stepwise regression analysis to evaluate the predictive role of these risk factors in the incidence of CIN.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of CIN was 18.4% (21/114). There were no significant differences in age, gender, BMI, LVEF, Hb, FPG, HbA1c, and incidence of hypertension and number of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients between the CIN (n = 21) and the non-CIN (n = 93) groups. However, the eGFR was significantly lower ((72.0 ± 12.5) ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) vs. (82.0 ± 16.5) ml·min(-1)·1.7 m(-2), P = 0.010), and the basic serum creatinine level ((1.07 ± 0.12) mg/dl vs. (0.97 ± 0.19) mg/dl P = 0.014) was significantly higher in the CIN group. In addition, the volume of contrast medium was significantly larger ((253 ± 75) ml vs. (211 ± 71) ml, P = 0.017) and the CMV/eGFR ratio was significantly greater (3.64 ± 1.26 vs. 2.70 ± 1.11, P = 0.001) in the CIN group. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the CMV/eGFR ratio was a significant independent predictor for the development of CIN (P = 0.001). At a cut-off point of > 3.1, the CMV/eGFR ratio exhibited 71% sensitivity and 70% specificity for detecting CIN.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CMV/eGFR ratio could be a valuable predictor of CIN for diabetic patients after elective PCI. At a cut-off point of > 3.1, the CMV/eGFR ratio was an optimal predictor for the incidence of CIN.</p>

Mammary serine proteinase inhibitor subcellular expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the subcellular expression of mammary serine proteinase inhibitor (Maspin) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship to the clinicopathological features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Maspin protein subcellular expression was detected in 45 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between the Maspin protein subcellular expression and the clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The negative rate of nuclear maspin expression was 64% (29/45), and the weakly positive rate was 11% (5/45), and the strong positive rate was 24% (11/45). Nuclear maspin expression was negatively correlated with T stage (P = 0.019), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.038) and postoperative metastasis (P = 0.004), but positively correlated with the patients' survival rate (P = 0.014). The negative rate of cytoplasmatic maspin expression was 38% (17/45), and the weakly positive rate was 31% (14/45), and the strong positive rate was 31% (14/45). Cytoplasmatic maspin expression was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.038) and postoperative metastasis (P = 0.004), but positively correlated with the patients' survival rate (P = 0.014).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Maspin expression may be a significant marker in predicting prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.</p>

The effect of Valsartan and Captopril for the improvement of left ventricular systolic function after acute anterior myocardial infarction / 中华核医学杂志

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of angiotensin Ⅱ antagonist (Valsartan)and angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor (Captopril) for the improvement of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at anterior wall. Methods A total of 75 patients with initial AMI at anterior wall were enlisted in the study. Patients were divided randomly into three groups: control group (n = 15), Captopril treated (n =30), and Valsartan treated (n =30). At 1 week and 28 weeks post AMI, the LVSF and left ventricular regional ejection fraction (LrEF) were measured by equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA). The t-test was used to compare the dada. Results ( 1 ) At 28 weeks, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular peak ejection rate (LPER) in Valsartan treated group were significantly increased as compared with those of control: ( 59.4 ± 8.6 ) % vs (44.9 ± 8.4)%, t = 3.87, P ＜ 0.01 for LVEF; (3.89 ± 1.01 ) end-diastolic volume (EDV)/s vs (2.84 ±1.05) EDV/s, t= 4.16, P ＜ 0.01 for LPER). The left ventricular time to peak ejection rate (LTPER) in Valsartan treated group was significantly decreased ( ( 116 ± 16 )ms vs ( 137 ±20) ms, t =2.16, P ＜ 0.05 ) as compared with control. (2)Compared with 1-week, 28-week Valsartan treated group had a significant increase inLrEF2, LrEF4, LrEF5, LrEF6: (71.6±18.8)% vs (57.0±11.4)%, t=2.11, P＜0.05;(78.1 ±16.8)% vs (68.9±21.0)%, t =2.06, P＜0.05; (70.5±16.9)% vs (59.9 ±23.4)%, t=1.99, P ＜ 0.05; and (58.1 ± 9.0) % vs (46.0 ± 18.9) %, t = 2.43, P ＜ 0.05, respectively. Conclusions Valsartan and Captopril are effective for the improvement of LVEF after AMI at anterior wall. The effects of the two drugs are similar.

Synergistic effects of proteasome inhibitor and histone deacetylase inhibitor on apoptosis and aggresome formation in T lymphoma cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of the study was to explore the synergistic effect of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (bor) and the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) on apoptosis of T lymphoma cell lines Jurkat and Hut78, and on the formation of aggresome. Jurkat and Hut78 cells were treated with bor (10 nmol/L) or bor (10 nmol/L) combined with SAHA (2 micromol/L) respectively. Cell growth inhibition was estimated by trypan blue dye exclusion test. Cell morphology was evaluated by light microscopy with Wright's staining of cytocentrifuge preparations. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Ultrastructure of cell apoptosis and aggresome were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that proliferation of both Jurkat and Hut78 cells was significantly inhibited in the bor+SAHA group, as compared with the control group and the bor alone group. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that the percentage of apoptosis in Jurkat and Hut78 cells in the bor+SAHA group (41.8+/-4.7% and 72.7+/-11.7% respectively) was remarkably higher than those in the control group (3.6+/-1.3% and 7.0+/-1.9% respectively) and the bor alone group (6.3+/-2.3% and 18.7+/-9.2% respectively) (p<0.01). Ultrastructure examination revealed that typical aggresomes in cells could be observed in bor alone group. The combination of bor and SAHA diminished both the amount and density of aggresomes, or even eliminated them, accompanied by the increased rate of apoptosis. It is concluded that proteasome inhibitor combined with histone deacetylase inhibitor synergically induces T lymphoma cell apoptosis. Bortezomib stimulates the formation of aggresome, while SAHA destroys this aggresome structure, which may be one of the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of bortezomib-induced apoptosis.

Intensive cholesterol lowering with statin improves the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The incidence of no reflow phenomenon limits the clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This randomized controlled study was designed to evaluate the immediate protective effects of intensive statin pretreatment on myocardial perfusion and myocardial ischemic injury during PCI.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Altogether 228 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were randomly assigned to standard statin group (SS group, n = 115) and intensive statin group (IS group, n = 113). Patients in the SS group received 20 mg simvastatin and patients in the IS group received 80 mg simvastatin for 7 days before PCI. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade (TFG), corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) of the intervened vessel were recorded before and after stent deployment. Creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme MB, troponin I and plasma level of high sensitive-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) were measured before and 24 hours after the procedure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The TFG after stent deployment was significantly improved with less TIMI 0-1 and more TIMI 3 blood flow in the IS group than in the SS group (all P < 0.05). Patients with no reflow phenomenon were less in the IS group (P < 0.001). The CTFC was lower in the IS group than in the SS group (P < 0.001). TMPG was also improved in the IS group than in the SS group (P = 0.001). Although PCI caused a significant increase in CK-MB 24 hours after the procedure, the elevated CK-MB value was lower in the IS group than in the SS group (18.74 +/- 8.41 vs 21.78 +/- 10.64, P = 0.018). Similar changes were also found in troponin I (0.99 +/- 1.07 in the IS group vs 1.47 +/- 1.54 in the SS group, P = 0.006). CK-MB elevation occurred in 27.8% (32/115) of the patients in the SS group vs 15.9% (18/113) in the IS group (P = 0.030). Myocardial necrosis was detected in 4.4% (5/115) of the patients in the SS group, whereas 0.9% (1/113) in the IS group (P = 0.341). But no myocardial infarction was found. Similarly, the patients with increased level of troponin I were much more in the SS group (36.5%, 42/115) than in the IS group (19.5%, 22/113) (P = 0.04). Among them, myocardial necrosis was detected in 13.0% (15/115) of the patients in the SS group, while 4.4% (5/113) in the IS group (P = 0.021). Myocardial infarction was found in 4.4% (5/115) of the patients in the SS group and 0.9% (1/113) in the IS group (P = 0.213).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intensive statin pretreatment for 7 days before PCI can further improve myocardial blood perfusion, protect the myocardium from ischemic injury. These effects are associated with the lowered levels of hs-CRP, P-selectin and ICAM.</p>

Effect of tirofiban plus clopidogrel and aspirin on primary percutaneous coronary intervention via transradial approach in patients with acute myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Aspirin and clopidogrel can improve myocardial reperfusion and alleviate myocardial injury during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Whether the addition of intravenous tirofiban during this procedure produces further benefit has not been clarified in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. We evaluated this on STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI (p-PCI) via transradial artery approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Consecutive patients were randomized into tirofiban group (n=72) or placebo group (n=78). Angiographic analysis included initial and final thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade (TFG), corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) of the thrombotic vessel. Platelet aggregation rate (PAR), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), CPK isoenzyme MB (CPK-MB) and troponin I levels were measured and TIMI definitions were used to assess bleeding complications. Left ventricular performance parameters were investigated with equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were followed up for 6 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cases of TFG 0 and 1 before PCI, TFG 0 when first crossing of guide wire were less, and the cases of TFG 3 after PCI was more in tirofiban group than those in placebo group. The final CTFC was fewer and the incidence of no reflow phenomenon was lower, as well the percentage of final TFG 3 was higher in tirofiban group than those in placebo group (all P<0.05). Mean peak CPK-MB was significantly lower, while the left ventricular performance parameters 1 week after PCI were much more improved in tirofiban group than those in the placebo group. PAR was significantly decreased shortly after tirofiban infusion. The incidence of 6-month MACE in tirofiban group was obviously lower than that in the placebo group. No statistical difference was noted between the two groups with regard to bleeding complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intravenous tirofiban infusion, in addition to aspirin and clopidogrel in STEMI patients with p-PCI via transradial artery access, can quickly inhibit platelet aggregation, loosen occlusive thrombus, improve myocardial reperfusion and reduce incidence of MACE with few complications of vessel access and bleeding.</p>

Effect of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on slow reflow phenomenon following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Many basic and clinical studies have proved that anisodamine can produce significant effect on relieving microvascular spasm, improving and dredging the coronary microcirculation. It may be beneficial to the improvement of slow-reflow phenomenon (SRP) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). So we investigated the effect of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on SRP of infarct related artery (IRA) following primary PCI in patients with ST segment elevated acute myocardial infarction (STEAMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-one patients with SRP from a total of 148 STEAMI patients accepted primary PCI were enrolled into this study from September 2004 to December 2005. When SRP happened, nitroglycerin (200 microg) was "bolus" injected firstly into IRA to exclude the spasm of epicardial artery and identify SRP as well as a baseline and self-control agent following PCI. Ten minutes later, 1000 microg of anisodamine was injected into IRA with SRP at 200 microg/s, while the coronary angiography (CAG) was taken before and at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after administration of nitroglycerin or anisodamine, respectively. The corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC), TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) and the diameter of IRA were calculated and analyzed by Gibson's TIMI frame count method using quantitative computer angiography (QCA) system to evaluate the influence of anisodamine on coronary flow and vessel lumen. In the meantime the invasive hemodynamic parameters of intracoronary and systemic artery (systolic, diastolic and mean pressure) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were measured and monitored. The changes of ventricular performance parameters and the adverse reaction were evaluated and followed-up at 1 month post-PCI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant changes in cTFCs and TMPGs were found at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin as compared with the baseline control (P > 0.05). cTFCs were decreased by 58.3%, 56.2%, and 54.6%, respectively (P < 0.001), and TMPGs were increased from 1.13 +/- 0.21 grade to 2.03 +/- 0.32, 2.65 +/- 0.45 and 2.51 +/- 0.57 grades (P < 0.05) at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after intracoronary administration of anisodamine as compared with those after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerine, respectively. The average coronary blood flow of TIMI grade was improved from 1.76 +/- 0.43 to 2.71 +/- 0.46 (P < 0.05) while the diameter of middle segment in re-patented coronary artery was slightly increased from (3.20 +/- 0.40) mm to (3.40 +/- 0.50) mm at the 3rd minute after intracoronary administration of anisodamine (P > 0.05) as compared with those of nitroglycerine control. The systolic, diastolic and mean pressures of intracoronary artery after intracoronary administration of anisodamine increased from 115 to 123, 75 to 84, 88 to 95 mmHg (P < 0.05), respectively, along with the rise of heart rate from 68 to 84 beats per minute (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes in intervals of PR, QT and QRS (P > 0.05) and no any severe fast arrhythmia after intracoronary administration of anisodamine. The ventricular performance parameters were significantly improved and no major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were found during follow-up at 1 month post-PCI.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intracoronary administration of 1000 microg anisodamine is effictive in reversing SRP following PCI in STEAMI patients, especially it is suitable for SRP patients with bradycardia or hypotension.</p>

Influence of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on no-reflow, ventricular function and systolic synchrony in acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on myocardial blush grade (MBG) and left ventricular regional and global systolic function and synchrony in the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with no-reflow phenomenon post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-seven AMI patients who underwent PCI within 12 hours of onset and MBG was 0 - 1 were randomized to receive standard therapy [group B, n = 23, 18 males, mean age (62.72 +/- 11.48) years] or standard therapy plus intracoronary administration of anisodamine [200 microg/ml, group A, n = 24, 18 males, mean age (64.23 +/- 12.27) years]. The left ventriculography (LVG) was performed immediately and 6 months after PCI to measure the ventricular volume, LVEDP and wall motion score (WMS). Equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA) was performed 1 week and 6 months after PCI to determine the parameters of left ventricular regional, global systolic function and systolic synchrony. Incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during the follow-up was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Anisodamine [(2530 +/- 340) microg/person)] was well tolerated by patients. The MBG remained unchanged in group B and significantly increased from grade 0.74 +/- 0.32 to grade 2.33 +/- 0.28 10 min after anisodamine injection in group B. Six months post PCI, LVESVI [(40.53 +/- 8.12) ml/m(2) vs. (50.32 +/- 8.26) ml/m(2)], LVEDVI [(80.13 +/- 9.74) ml/m(2) vs. (87.17 +/- 10.25) ml/m(2)], WMS [(8.24 +/- 1.31) vs. (10.23 +/- 1.82)] and LVEDP [(13.36 +/- 4.21) vs. (16.38 +/- 3.21) mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa] were significantly lower in group A compared with that in group B (all P < 0.05) while LVEF [(44.02 +/- 5.86)% vs. (38.52 +/- 5.18)%], PER [(1.86 +/- 0.09) EDV/s vs. (1.61 +/- 0.09) EDV/s] and PFR [(2.19 +/- 0.32) EDV/s vs. (1.78 +/- 0.17) EDV/s] measured by ERNA were significantly increased in group A compared with that in group B (all P < 0.05). (2) LrEF(2)-LrEF(8) in group A were higher by 13.96%, 25.02%, 30.36%, 22.86%, 27.67%, 22.07% and 18.71% respectively compared with that in group B. (3) Phase analysis showed that the left ventricular systolic synchrony parameters PS [(46.04 +/- 8.93) degrees vs. (53.19 +/- 162) degrees ], FWHM [(23.02 +/- 6.27) degrees vs. (25.02 +/- 5.31) degrees ] and PSD [(7.92 +/- 4.12) degrees vs. (11.76 +/- 4.11) degrees ] were also significantly lower in group A than that in group B (all P < 0.05). (4) During the 6 months of follow-up, the incidence of MACE in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intracoronary administration of anisodamine is safe and could partly attenuate the no-reflow phenomenon, improve the left ventricular systolic function and synchrony and reduce the incidence of MACE in patients with no-reflow phenomenon post AMI-PCI.</p>

An Improved Mesh Simplification Algorithm Based on Quadric Error Metrics / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVE: Quadric Error Metrics (QEM) algorithm can simplify complex 3D models. However, for its simple error metrics, QEM is not suitable to simplify medical model that contains many minute detail features. We need to develop a new algorithm because we are often interested in these features. METHODS: Based on QEM, We classify the vertex into seven classes. Different class has different cost of collapse. In our algorithm, collapse usually occurs with the lowest cost during simplification, thus minute feature can be preserved as possible. We also introduce the average of correlative triangles' area to estimate the volume change during the simplification. RESULTS: We test our algorithm on several complex medical models and find that our improved algorithm is effective and fast. CONCLUSION: To simplify a complex medical model, we want to preserve the minute feature during simplification. By classifying the vertexes, we develop an improved algorithm based on QEM. The testing results shows that our algorithm not only maintains the high efficiency of QEM algorithm, but also meets the high requirements of medical image processing on fidelity and mesh quality.

Effect of TGF-beta1 on biological characteristics of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells during ex-vivo expansion / 中国实验血液学杂志

To investigate the effects of TGF-beta1 on biological characteristics of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) in umbilical cord blood (UCB) during ex-vivo expansion and feasibility of using it for expansion of UCB HPC, different concentrations of TGF-beta1 were added in the serum-free medium containing a combination of hematopoietic growth factors for expansion of UCB CD133(+) cells and enumeration of nucleated cells (NC), progenitor colonies, immunophenotyping, cell cycle and expression of adhesion molecules of the NC were monitored at every interval. The results showed that total number and expansion of NC from all groups of TGF-beta1 were remarkably less than those in control at each interval. However the content and total numbers as well as expansion of CD34(+), CD133(+), CD34(+)CD38(-) and CD34(+)CD133(+) cells from all groups of TGF-beta1 were more than those in control at each interval during expansion; the plating efficiency and expansion of CFU-GM, CFU-mix and HPP-CFC from NC of TGF-beta1 group were more than those in control at each interval. The contents of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase of NC of TGF-beta1 group at every interval were high. Meanwhile, TGF-beta1 could elevate the expression of some adhesion molecules on NC during expansion such as CD54, CD49d and CD11a, and the contents of CD34(+) cells coexpressing these adhesion molecules in NC of TGF-beta1 group were significantly more than those in control at each interval. In conclusion appropriate dose of TGF-beta1 could accelerate expansion of CD133(+) cells, delay and decrease over-differentiation of HPC, increase the content of HPC in expanded products, upregulate the expression of adhesion molecules on expanded HPC, thus it could promote engraftment of expanded progenitor cells and advantage the ex-vivo expansion of UCB HPC.

The effects of cardiac pacing with multisite combination on myocardial mechanics and cardiac work in dogs / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To approach the effects of multi-site synchronous ventricular pacing on myocardial mechanics and cardiac work.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five modes of multi-site synchronous ventricular pacing were randomly performed in 12 dogs with anesthetized, opened chest and artificial-ventilation. Some parameters were measured simultaneously including: the peak of left ventricular pressure rise and fall (+/- dp/ dt(max)), the time constant of left ventricular relaxation(tau), the muscle tensile force in left/right ventricular wall (V-tensile force, V-TF), SV, LVSW and RVSW.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The myocardial systolic mechanical parameters: +dp/dt(max) and LV-TF of cHisB-LVPL and RVA-LVPL pacing by biventricular pacing modes were increased than that of cHisB-RVA pacing in right ventricular bifocal pacing mode. +dp/dt(max) in above two groups of biventricular pacing was increased than that in cHisB-RVA pacing. Tau value of cHisB-LVPL and RVA-LVPL pacing modes were shorted than that of cHisB-RVA pacing. The above parameters of cHisB-RVA-LVPL and cHisB-RVA-LVA biventricular trifocal pacing were superior to that of cHisB-LVPL and RVA-LVPL biventricular pacing. The +dp/dt(max), LV-TF and RV-TF of cHisB-RVA-LVPL pacing were increased as compared with that of cHisB-RVA-LVA pacing (P > 0.05). The -dp/dt(max) in cHisB-RVA-LVPL pacing were increased by 6.0% and tau value was shorted by 3.7% compared with those in cHisB-RVA-LVA pacing (P > 0.05). SV, LVSW and RVSW of cHisB-LVPL and RVA-LVPL biventricular pacing were increased than those of cHisB-RVA bifocal pacing. The above parameters of cHisB-RVA-LVPL pacing were increased than that of cHisB-RVA-LVA and cHisB-LVPL pacing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was explained that the cHisB-RVA-LVPL biventricular trifocal sites synchronous pacing mode would increase the velocity of ejection and filling during myocardial contraction and relaxation and enhance cardiac work by maintaining normal VSS.</p>

Preliminary study on the molecular mechanism of K562 cell apoptosis induced by As2S2 / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the apoptotic inducing effect of As(2)S(2) on K562 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The apoptotic inducing effect of As(2)S(2) on K562 cells was determined by flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation analysis and morphology observation. Expression of protein was determined by Western-blot. RT-PCR was used to evaluate changes in gene expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Apoptosis of K562 cells was induced by 48 - 72 h exposure to 5 micromol/L As(2)S(2). Apoptosis was induced in (34.4 +/- 3.3)% treated cells by 72 h exposure to 3 micro mol/L As(2)S(2), in (21.8 +/- 3.6)% treated cells by 48 h exposure to 5 micromol/L As(2)S(2) and in (46.0 +/- 5.2)% treated cells by 72 h exposure to As(2)S(2) at the same concentration. With 5 micromol/L As(2)S(2), the protein level of Bcr-Abl and JAK2 decreased, while bax expression was upregulated and c-myc was downregulated both in protein and mRNA level. The activity of caspase 3 in K562 cells was increased by As(2)S(2). As(2)S(2) also induced apoptosis of fresh mononuclear cells derived from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As(2)S(2) can induce apoptosis of CML cells. The decline of Bcr-Abl may play an important role. The upregulation of bax, increase of the activity of caspase 3, downregulation of c-myc and decrease of JAK2 may also be involved in the mechanism.</p>

Synergism of As2S2 and STI 571 in inducing apoptosis of K562 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the synergistic effect of As(2)S(2) and STI 571 on K562 cells and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The inhibitive effect of As(2)S(2) on the proliferation of K562 cells was determined by cell number count. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation and morphology. Protein expression was determined by Western-blot and gene expression by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As(2)S(2) could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of K562 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner at concentrations from 1 micromol/L to 5 micromol/L for 24 approximately 72 h. 34.4%, 21.8% and 46.0% of the treated-cells displayed apoptosis at 3 micro mol/L for 72 h, 5 micromol/L for 48 h and 5 micromol/L for 72 h, respectively. Compared to treatment with STI571 (0.25 approximately 1.00 micromol/L) or As(2)S(2) (1 approximately 5 micromol/L) alone, treatment of K562 cells with As(2)S(2) and STI571 combination induced more cell apoptosis. (18.4 +/- 1.4)% and (15.8 +/- 1.2)% cells underwent apoptosis at 1 micromol/L STI571 for 48 h and 5 micromol/L As(2)S(2) for 48 h, respectively, and (40.6 +/- 2.0)% cells did in combination treatment (P < 0.05). For U937 cells, the percentages of apoptotic cells were (6.0 +/- 1.1)% at 1 micromol/L STI571 for 48 h, (4.5 +/- 1.2)% at 5 micromol/L As(2)S(2) for 48 h, and (7.3 +/- 1.0)% in combination treatment. As(2)S(2) decreased the bcr-abl fusion protein expression and PTK activity of c-abl and bcr-abl, but not for bcr-abl expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combination treatment with As(2)S(2) and STI 571 induced more apoptosis of K562 cells. The reduction of PTK activity may be involved in the mechanisms.</p>

Studies on the dynamics of biological characteristics of CD133+ cells from human umbilical cord blood during short-term culture / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was to investigate dynamics of biological properties of CD133(+) cells from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) during short-term culture containing the combination of hematopoietic growth factors and the feasibility of in vitro expansion of CD133(+) cells. The biology activities including analysis of cell cycle, immunophenotype, telomerase activity, expression of adhesion molecules and expansion potential of CD133(+) cells were monitored during ex-vivo expansion, and compared with those of CD34(+) cells. The results showed that the contents of CD133(+) and CD34(+) cells in fresh UCB were (1.05 +/- 0.73)% and (1.40 +/- 0.56)% respectively. About 79.62% of CD34(+) cells expressed CD133, and more than 97% of CD133(+) cells were CD133(+)CD34(+), markedly higher than that in CD34(+) fraction (P < 0.01). No significant differences were observed in content of cells expressing CD38, CD13, CD14, CD61 and glycophorin-A between the two fractions. Expansion of CD133(+), CD133(+)CD34(+) and CD34(+)CD38(-) cells at 10 days and those of CFU-mix, HPP-CFC and CD34(+)CD38(-) cells at 6 days from CD133(+) cells group were significantly higher than those from the CD34(+) cell group (P < 0.05). Analysis of immunophenotype showed that CD133(+)CD34(+) cells declined gradually while CD133(-)CD34(+) and CD133(-)CD34(-) cells increased during ex-vivo expansion; basal telomerase activities of fresh UCB CD133(+) and CD34(+) cells were low but significantly exceeded that of CD34(-) fraction (P < 0.05). At first week of expansion, telomerase activity was significantly upregulated, after two weeks, telomerase activity remarkably declined, and decreased to baseline or below the limits of detection in day 20. More than 90% of CD133(+) cells expressed CD49d and CD11a, and, more than 85% of the cells expressed CD54, about 50% of cells expressed CD62L. At the early stage of expansion, expression of CD49d was upregulated, expression of CD11a remaining no change, while as expression of CD54 and CD62L was downregulated. Expression of all adhesion molecules was decreased gradually with extend of culture. But expression of these adhesion molecules on CD34(+) subsets were not affected significantly during expansion. It is concluded that CD133(+) population may be a more primitive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) than CD34(+) cells, CD133(+) cells have great expansion potential for ex-vivo expansion and is a suitable target cell for ex-vivo expansion of HSPC. Downregulation of adhesion molecules and telomerase activity may be one of the reasons for delayed engraftment of expanded products.

New Retinoid SX-116 Induces Apoptosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line NB4 / 中国实验血液学杂志

In this research, the effect of novel retinoid SX-116 on acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4 was studied in vitro. Cell proliferation, cell morphological characters, flow cytometry, DNA electrophoresis and RT-PCR were observational parameters. The results showed that treated with SX-116 at 10(-6) mol/L, the growth and survival of NB4 cells were markedly inhibited, morphological changes of apoptosis, including membrane blebbing, chromosome condensation and fragmentation of nuclei were observed in NB4 cells after 24 hours exposure of SX-116. Further studies showed "DNA ladder" in genomic DNA electrophoresis, as well as a typical apoptotic peak below G(1) phase presented in flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis - related gene bcl-2 and p53 were examined. The level of bcl-2 mRNA was downregulated by 6-hour treatment of SX-116, while the gene restored to the normal level by following 12-, 24- and 48-hour exposure. However, p53 mRNA was unchanged during the treatment. The results demonstrated that SX-116 could induce apoptosis of NB4 cells while the mechanism remains to be studied.